View source for Scribner's Magazine

==Introduction==
===Ambiance Music===
<html>

    <iframe src="https://embed.spotify.com/?uri=spotify:track:2374M0fQpWi3dLnB54qaLX&theme=white" width="300" height="100" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" ></iframe></br>


</html>
===Overview===
''Scribner’s Magazine''<html><ref></html>[http://modjourn.org/render.php?view=mjp_object&id=1233672898402506], Modernist Journals<html></ref></html> (1887-1939) was the second publication published from the the New York City firm Scribner’s. Scribner’s Magazine should not be confused with Scribners Monthly that ran from 1870 to 1881. Throughout the life of the magazine many famous and now famous writers were published into the magazine, including Arthur Conan Doyle, E. W. Hornung, Rudyard Kipling, John Galsworthy, Robert Louis Stevenson, Edward Arlington Robinson, Amy Lowell, Edith Wharton, Sara Teasdale, and F. Scott Fitzgerald. Scribner’s Magazine has also been known for it’s large amount of advertisements in the publication, along with the famous authors it published. Many other magazines from its time would only print a small number of advertisements, but Scribner’s went against the flow of the rest, with half to over half of the magazine consisting of purely advertisements. 
<br><br>Throughout issues in 1910 Theodore Roosevelt published a continuous article into the magazine, African Game Trails. In these publications Roosevelt reflects on his hunts in the plains of Africa and what he faced during these hunts. 
<br><br>We wanted to analyze what effect on the advertisements and other authors did Roosevelt's stories actually have?

==Text Mining==
As depicted in the two Voyant tools embedded, the most frequently occurring words are: new, magazine, and Scribner's. These three words do not explain much regarding Roosevelt's literature. Even the word "Africa", which is the major topic of Roosevelt, is quite infrequent - at a count of 63. 

===Cirrus===
<html>
<!--	Exported from Voyant Tools (voyant-tools.org).
The iframe src attribute below uses a relative protocol to better function with both
http and https sites, but if you're embedding this into a local web page (file protocol)
you should add an explicit protocol (https if you're using voyant-tools.org, otherwise
it depends on this server.
Feel free to change the height and width values or other styling below: -->
<iframe style='width: 100%; height: 600px' src='//voyant-tools.org/?view=Cirrus&corpus=9ba8f3952359b70ad532d4098d571dcc'></iframe>
</html>

====Analysis of Cirrus====
Considering the number of famous authors in Scribner's, one would assume those authors' works to hold more weight in the issues. However, one can see the impact of having almost 50% of the magazine as advertisements has on the text mining. One of the most used words is actually "advertisements" which we found ironic.

==Trends==
List of Corpuses:
<br>
http://voyant-tools.org/?corpus=e5b005a744da340373748e89d3fd62f5
<br>
http://voyant-tools.org/?corpus=c2137e008fcd68465abeb8ef9b393336
<br>
http://voyant-tools.org/?corpus=66e8decfc79ac2f0ec14a998d450540a
<br>
http://voyant-tools.org/?corpus=b7df695b2202a124b5274f9d0787547e
<br>
http://voyant-tools.org/?corpus=462615c5c8c25d2a01e478229319204f
<br>
http://voyant-tools.org/?corpus=41e1da012d390ac314030af4a7e553ec
<br>
http://voyant-tools.org/?corpus=b22d7f5c494471aab7a0c4fcfd99f482
<br>
http://voyant-tools.org/?corpus=28c6b1c646b50d1514fa017ef95a4ddf
<br>
http://voyant-tools.org/?corpus=af7a992d2c3c4c0bc2eb74d04a7da5b5
<br>
http://voyant-tools.org/?corpus=f638e8b4ee61c6582f191a3895739c61
<br>
====Vol. 1 Issue 1====
<html>
<!--	Exported from Voyant Tools (voyant-tools.org).
The iframe src attribute below uses a relative protocol to better function with both
http and https sites, but if you're embedding this into a local web page (file protocol)
you should add an explicit protocol (https if you're using voyant-tools.org, otherwise
it depends on this server.
Feel free to change the height and width values or other styling below: -->
<iframe style='width: 30%; height: 500px' src='//voyant-tools.org/?query=africa*&query=africa&query=hunt*&query=gun*&query=kill*&query=advertisement*&withDistributions=raw&bins=12&docIndex=0&mode=document&view=Trends&corpus=c2137e008fcd68465abeb8ef9b393336'></iframe>
</html>

====Vol. 1 Issue 2====
<html>
<!--	Exported from Voyant Tools (voyant-tools.org).
The iframe src attribute below uses a relative protocol to better function with both
http and https sites, but if you're embedding this into a local web page (file protocol)
you should add an explicit protocol (https if you're using voyant-tools.org, otherwise
it depends on this server.
Feel free to change the height and width values or other styling below: -->
<iframe style='width: 30%; height: 500px' src='//voyant-tools.org/?query=kill*&query=gun*&query=africa*&query=hunt*&query=advertisements*&withDistributions=raw&bins=12&docIndex=0&mode=document&view=Trends&corpus=66e8decfc79ac2f0ec14a998d450540a'></iframe>
</html>

====Vol. 1 Issue 3====
<html>
<!--	Exported from Voyant Tools (voyant-tools.org).
The iframe src attribute below uses a relative protocol to better function with both
http and https sites, but if you're embedding this into a local web page (file protocol)
you should add an explicit protocol (https if you're using voyant-tools.org, otherwise
it depends on this server.
Feel free to change the height and width values or other styling below: -->
<iframe style='width: 30%; height: 500px' src='//voyant-tools.org/?query=advertisements*&query=hunt*&query=africa*&query=kill*&query=gun*&withDistributions=raw&bins=12&docIndex=0&mode=document&view=Trends&corpus=b7df695b2202a124b5274f9d0787547e'></iframe>
</html>

====Vol. 1 Issue 4====
<html>
<!--	Exported from Voyant Tools (voyant-tools.org).
The iframe src attribute below uses a relative protocol to better function with both
http and https sites, but if you're embedding this into a local web page (file protocol)
you should add an explicit protocol (https if you're using voyant-tools.org, otherwise
it depends on this server.
Feel free to change the height and width values or other styling below: -->
<iframe style='width: 30%; height: 500px' src='//voyant-tools.org/?query=africa*&query=gun*&query=hunt*&query=advertisements*&query=kill*&withDistributions=raw&bins=12&docIndex=0&mode=document&view=Trends&corpus=462615c5c8c25d2a01e478229319204f'></iframe>
</html>

====Vol. 1 Issue 5====
<html>
<!--	Exported from Voyant Tools (voyant-tools.org).
The iframe src attribute below uses a relative protocol to better function with both
http and https sites, but if you're embedding this into a local web page (file protocol)
you should add an explicit protocol (https if you're using voyant-tools.org, otherwise
it depends on this server.
Feel free to change the height and width values or other styling below: -->
<iframe style='width: 30%; height: 500px' src='//voyant-tools.org/?query=gun*&query=africa*&query=hunt*&query=advertisements*&query=kill*&withDistributions=raw&bins=12&docIndex=0&mode=document&view=Trends&corpus=41e1da012d390ac314030af4a7e553ec'></iframe>
</html>

====Vol. 1 Issue 6====
<html>
<!--	Exported from Voyant Tools (voyant-tools.org).
The iframe src attribute below uses a relative protocol to better function with both
http and https sites, but if you're embedding this into a local web page (file protocol)
you should add an explicit protocol (https if you're using voyant-tools.org, otherwise
it depends on this server.
Feel free to change the height and width values or other styling below: -->
<iframe style='width: 30%; height: 500px' src='//voyant-tools.org/?query=kill*&query=hunt*&query=africa*&query=gun*&query=advertisements*&withDistributions=raw&bins=12&docIndex=0&mode=document&view=Trends&corpus=b22d7f5c494471aab7a0c4fcfd99f482'></iframe>
</html>

====Vol. 2 Issue 1====
<html>
<!--	Exported from Voyant Tools (voyant-tools.org).
The iframe src attribute below uses a relative protocol to better function with both
http and https sites, but if you're embedding this into a local web page (file protocol)
you should add an explicit protocol (https if you're using voyant-tools.org, otherwise
it depends on this server.
Feel free to change the height and width values or other styling below: -->
<iframe style='width: 30%; height: 500px' src='//voyant-tools.org/?&query=kill*&query=gun*&query=hunt*&query=africa*&query=advertisements*&withDistributions=raw&bins=12&docIndex=0&mode=document&view=Trends&corpus=28c6b1c646b50d1514fa017ef95a4ddf'></iframe>
</html>

====Vol. 2 Issue 2====
This issue is improperly digitized in that it removes multiple sections including all the advertisements and thus inhibiting aggregate analysis. 
<br>

====Vol. 2 Issue 3====
<html>
<!--	Exported from Voyant Tools (voyant-tools.org).
The iframe src attribute below uses a relative protocol to better function with both
http and https sites, but if you're embedding this into a local web page (file protocol)
you should add an explicit protocol (https if you're using voyant-tools.org, otherwise
it depends on this server.
Feel free to change the height and width values or other styling below: -->
<iframe style='width: 30%; height: 500px' src='//voyant-tools.org/?query=kill*&query=africa*&query=advertisements*&query=hunt*&query=gun*&withDistributions=raw&bins=12&docIndex=0&mode=document&view=Trends&corpus=f638e8b4ee61c6582f191a3895739c61'></iframe>
</html>

====Post Theodore Roosevelt====

====Vol. 2 Issue 4====
<html>
<!--	Exported from Voyant Tools (voyant-tools.org).
The iframe src attribute below uses a relative protocol to better function with both
http and https sites, but if you're embedding this into a local web page (file protocol)
you should add an explicit protocol (https if you're using voyant-tools.org, otherwise
it depends on this server.
Feel free to change the height and width values or other styling below: -->
<iframe style='width: 30%; height: 500px' src='//voyant-tools.org/?query=kill*&query=gun*&query=africa*&query=hunt*&query=advertisements*&withDistributions=raw&bins=12&docIndex=0&mode=document&view=Trends&corpus=faa602330557df47335e41780de609a8'></iframe>
</html>

====Vol. 2 Issue 5====
<html>
<!--	Exported from Voyant Tools (voyant-tools.org).
The iframe src attribute below uses a relative protocol to better function with both
http and https sites, but if you're embedding this into a local web page (file protocol)
you should add an explicit protocol (https if you're using voyant-tools.org, otherwise
it depends on this server.
Feel free to change the height and width values or other styling below: -->
<iframe style='width: 30%; height: 500px' src='//voyant-tools.org/?query=hunt*&query=africa*&query=kill*&query=gun*&query=advertisements*&withDistributions=raw&bins=12&docIndex=0&mode=document&view=Trends&corpus=8a8dd03f1be807aff7f7588d816e0f40'></iframe>
</html>

==Publication Timeline==
<html>
<iframe src='https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1ai_ZUI0FqVVcwwGtIb3dk389IZZnSa47D83dtw1g6eM&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650' width='100%' height='650' frameborder='0'></iframe>
</html>

==Close Reading==
Nine issues of Scribner's Magazine highlight Theodore Roosevelt's journals of his hunting expedition in Africa. Our close reading analyses both his writing and its effect on the rest of the magazine
<br>
====Roosevelt's Writing====
Theodore Roosevelt led an expedition to Africa to collect specimens for the Smithsonian Museum. In his year long quest, he "collected" 11,400 animal specimens in total.<html><ref></html>[https://face2faceafrica.com/article/theodore-roosevelt-africa], Face 2 Face Africa<html></ref></html> Notably, he collected 11 elephants, 20 rhinoceroses, 17 lions, 20 zebras, 7 hippopotamuses, 7 giraffes, 6 buffalo. He started his expedition in Mombasa, traveled around British East Africa, visited the Belgian Congo, traversed along part of the Nile, and completed his journey in Khartoum.
<br>
<br>
In each of the issues of the series, his articles precede all other authors besides the many pages of advertisements. Typically, he begins with a geographic description of his location which continued throughout the issues highlighting the different towns, villages, and tribes he and his troop interacted with. However, it was never more than a fleeting reference to the people. His greater focus was on the many different hunts he conducted. In the series, Roosevelt chronicles many of their daily forays which lead them to much less inhabited regions. He waxes eloquently about the multitude of creatures he kills with a fervor that may have sparked the endangerment of many species in Africa. 
<br>
<br>
Although his tone and vocabulary are sophisticated in each of the articles, the substance of his writing is focused on the hunting to the detriment of variety among the issues. Though the terrain and people they interact with change, the stories remain the same of Roosevelt collecting specimens for the Smithsonian in a failed attempt at working as a naturalist. Though he never realized it, his lofty goals were undercut by the aforementioned sheer volume of game killed by Roosevelt and his troop.
<br>
<html>
<iframe src="https://www.google.com/maps/d/embed?mid=1IQRibLWY_hquJTf434VgATpjJ_8" width="640" height="480"></iframe>
</html>

====Effects Analysis====
As the former president of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt was a very influential figure and his influence can be seen within the pages of Scribner's Magazine. Scribner's advertised Theodore's journals within the advertising sections every issue. They also contain many advertisements for guns and hunting supplies, especially in the latter issues. While the first  few issues might contain on average one or two gun ads, the last ones contained up to three.
<br>
<br>
We observed an increase in the amount of advertisements for rifles and shotguns in the later issues.
<br>
<br>
Though no other articles in the magazine directly referenced ''The African Trails'' for the killings which took place, the effects of the image created by a former president of the United States killing thousands of big game animals in the African wild cannot be ignored as many of these animals are currently heavily endangered. 


<html>
<blockquote class="imgur-embed-pub" lang="en" data-id="a/Ln1wZ"><a href="//imgur.com/Ln1wZ"></a></blockquote><script async src="//s.imgur.com/min/embed.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
</html>

==Additional Resources==
<html>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/rzm2EBYfyDg" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</html>