Edgar Allan Poe
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===''The Fall of the House of Usher''=== | ===''The Fall of the House of Usher''=== | ||
| − | The narrator begins by describing the house of Usher that he is approaching. He states that it’s a very gloomy and mysterious place. After the description, the narrator says | + | The narrator begins by describing the house of Usher that he is approaching. He states that it’s a very gloomy and mysterious place. After the description, the narrator says he is there because his friend, Roderick Usher, had asked him to come there out of urgency. It is here that the narrator reveals that the Usher family has always suffered and only one of every generation has survived to the next. As he enters the house, he notes how the inside is also very dreary and unsettling. When Roderick greets him, the narrator immediately notes how tired and worn out he looks. Roderick then tells the narrator that he is very nervous and fearful. He then says that his sister, Madeline, has contracted an illness that none of the physicians can figure out. Madeline dies, and Roderick enlists the help of the narrator to bury her in the basement tomb underneath the house. He is afraid that the physician’s will try to recover her corpse to conduct experiments on it. The narrator then spends several days at the house to try and console Roderick. One day, when the narrator is reading to the Roderick, he hears Roderick muttering under his breath. As the narrator gets closer, he hears Roderick talking about how he’s been hearing noises from the tombs for days and that they must have buried Madeline alive. Soon after, Madeline bursts into the room covered in blood and rushes at Roderick to attack him. Roderick dies in fear and Madeline dies after. The narrator rushes out of the house, and as he flees the house crumbles to the ground behind him. |
| − | This story is very heavy with dark themes and spiritual imagery. Words such as: dull, dark, ghastly, gloom, perish, fear, dread, and haunted are just some of the examples of dark themed words used throughout this narrative. Excluding the dreary scene of the house, the mysterious atmosphere of the story is already very relevant in due to the fact that the narrator reveals that, until the letter, he had not heard from Roderick since they were children. In the letter, Roderick says that he still considers the narrator to be his close friend even though they have not seen each other in years. The mysterious theme continues with the events such as Madeline’s unknown illness and her burial in the house’s own tomb. Then themes such as guilt and fear take over when Roderick realizes that they may have buried Madeline alive. That’s taken over by anger when Madeline kills Roderick and is then once again replaced by fear by both Roderick and the narrator who flees the scene. There is a constant sense of dread throughout this story and no common sense of what may happen due to the spiritual references. Therefore, “mysterious” is the central theme of the narrative. | + | This story is very heavy, with a lot of dark themes and spiritual imagery. Words such as: dull, dark, ghastly, gloom, perish, fear, dread, and haunted are just some of the examples of dark themed words used throughout this narrative. Excluding the dreary scene of the house, the mysterious atmosphere of the story is already very relevant in due to the fact that the narrator reveals that, until the letter, he had not heard from Roderick since they were children. In the letter, Roderick says that he still considers the narrator to be his close friend even though they have not seen each other in years. The mysterious theme continues with the events such as Madeline’s unknown illness and her burial in the house’s own tomb. Then themes such as guilt and fear take over when Roderick realizes that they may have buried Madeline alive. That’s taken over by anger when Madeline kills Roderick and is then once again replaced by fear by both Roderick and the narrator who flees the scene. There is a constant sense of dread throughout this story and no common sense of what may happen due to the spiritual references. Therefore, “mysterious” is the central theme of the narrative. |
===''The Cask of Amontillado''=== | ===''The Cask of Amontillado''=== | ||
| − | This narrative begins with the narrator telling the readers that a man named Fortunato has greatly insulted him and he plans to get revenge. He | + | This narrative begins with the narrator telling the readers that a man named Fortunato has greatly insulted him and he plans to get revenge. He reveals that Fortunato is connoisseur of wine and is going to use that to his advantage. He approaches Fortunato at a carnival in a disguise. He tells Fortunato that he has acquired a pipe that would pass for Amontillado, a Spanish drink. The narrator then jests him by telling that if he is busy, then he will ask a man named Luchesi, some sort of rival to Fortunato, to compare the drinks. Fortunato becomes annoyed and tells the narrator that he will taste the drink. The narrator reveals that he has made sure that no one will interrupt his plan because he sent his servants off to this carnival. The walls of the vaults in which they travel to retrieve the pipe were covered in nitre and caused Fortunato to cough. The narrator insists that they should leave due to the nitre affecting Fortunato’s health but he refuses. The narrator then gives him wine to drink. As they reach a crypt, human bones are decorated on three of the four walls. The fourth wall’s bones had fallen on the ground. The narrator tells Fortunato that the indent in the wall where the fourth wall was exposed was where the Amontillado is. Fortunto is intoxicated at this point and goes to where the Amontillado is. The narrator then suddenly chains Fortunato to a stone. The narrator taunts Fortunato as he walls up the entrance to the crypt to trap Fortunato in alive. The entire time, Fortunato is screaming for help until he suddenly laughs and asks the narrator surely this is a joke. Finally, the narrator finishes walling up the crypt and replaces the bones on the fourth wall. |
| − | The narrator in this story is very demented. The story begins with him talking about how will definitely get revenge against Fortunato for insulting him. We do not know how he insulted the narrator but whatever it was was apparently bad enough for the narrator to plan his murder of Fortunato. To want to kill Fortunato for anything seems | + | The narrator in this story is very demented. The story begins with him talking about how will definitely get revenge against Fortunato for insulting him. We do not know how he insulted the narrator, but whatever it was was apparently bad enough for the narrator to plan his murder of Fortunato. To want to kill Fortunato for anything seems extreme and as the story progresses, we realize that the narrator has already planned it all out and will go through with it. Even with this knowledge, the narrator spends much of the story trying to get Fortunato to not come with him to the crypt, knowing that Fortunato will refuse, unbeknownst to him that he is being led to his death. It is very dreadful as well that the narrator decided to just trap Fortunato down in the crypt alive to slowly die out. It is assumed that he suffered too, as he died because of the nitre and general dampness of the tomb. All of this was inflicted onto Fortunato by the narrator just because of an insult. It is clear that the narrator must be unstable in some way to be angered in such a way so easily. The narrator spends the entire narrative toying with Fortunato, knowing that he will kill him in the crypt. The readers know this as well. Even as Fortunato was screaming for mercy, the narrator simply left him there with no evidence to what happened to him and why. The narrator is unapologetically cruel and this story frames everything that supports it. |
===''Annabel Lee''=== | ===''Annabel Lee''=== | ||
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The narrator spends the first part of the story talking about all of the things that he loves about her. He says things like, ”Those eyes! those large, those shining, those divine orbs! they became to me twin stars of Leda, and I to them devoutest of astrologers.” As time went on, Ligeia becomes ill and dies. He remarries a woman named Rowena whose features are notably different from Ligeia’s. She has blonde hair and blue eyes instead of Ligea’s dark hair and eyes. He abuses opium and becomes hostile towards Rowena out of resentment towards her. Two months into their marriage, Rowena becomes ill. She fights the illness for a while before becoming worse again. One night, while the narrator is with her, she gets much worse and he goes to get her a decanter of wine. He then sees something as he is giving her the wine - “three or four large drops of a brilliant and ruby colored fluid” drop into her glass. A few days later, she dies. While in the tomb with Rowena’s body, the narrator sees her stirring, and wonders if she is coming back to life. However, it is not Rowena that he sees return, but Ligeia. | The narrator spends the first part of the story talking about all of the things that he loves about her. He says things like, ”Those eyes! those large, those shining, those divine orbs! they became to me twin stars of Leda, and I to them devoutest of astrologers.” As time went on, Ligeia becomes ill and dies. He remarries a woman named Rowena whose features are notably different from Ligeia’s. She has blonde hair and blue eyes instead of Ligea’s dark hair and eyes. He abuses opium and becomes hostile towards Rowena out of resentment towards her. Two months into their marriage, Rowena becomes ill. She fights the illness for a while before becoming worse again. One night, while the narrator is with her, she gets much worse and he goes to get her a decanter of wine. He then sees something as he is giving her the wine - “three or four large drops of a brilliant and ruby colored fluid” drop into her glass. A few days later, she dies. While in the tomb with Rowena’s body, the narrator sees her stirring, and wonders if she is coming back to life. However, it is not Rowena that he sees return, but Ligeia. | ||
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The narrator in this story deals with the death of his wife, and is characterized by this loss. He constantly compares Rowena against Ligeia. He puts Ligeia on a pedestal, and demonizes Rowena primarily because she is not Ligeia. There is also the implication that the narrator may have killed Rowena. He sees something in the room before he gives her the wine, but he had taken an “immoderate dose of opium.” It is more likely that he had been poisoning her because of his dislike for her, and his guilt for Ligeia’s death. |
The narrator in this story deals with the death of his wife, and is characterized by this loss. He constantly compares Rowena against Ligeia. He puts Ligeia on a pedestal, and demonizes Rowena primarily because she is not Ligeia. There is also the implication that the narrator may have killed Rowena. He sees something in the room before he gives her the wine, but he had taken an “immoderate dose of opium.” It is more likely that he had been poisoning her because of his dislike for her, and his guilt for Ligeia’s death. | ||
